calcium Marburg and Ebola viruses: From Ecosystems to Molecules edited by Elke Mühlberger, Lisa L. Hensley, Jonathan S. Towner MARV depletes the body of calcium. Below 50% of normal, blood won't clot. Put the calcium back, it clots. ascorbate Loss The Genetics of Vitamin C Loss in Vertebrates

bausch 2007 Outbreaks of Filovirus Hemorrhagic Fever: Time to Refocus on the Patient Abstract In the 40 years since the recognition of filoviruses as agents of lethal human disease, there have been no specific advances in antiviral therapies (emph. mine - rjs) or vaccines and few clinical studies on the efficacy of supportive care. On 20 September 2006, experts from 14 countries representing 68 institutions integrally involved in the response to outbreaks of filovirus hemorrhagic fever gathered at the National Microbiology Laboratory of the Public Health Agency of Canada in Winnipeg to discuss possible remedies for this grim situation, in a unique workshop entitled “Marburg and Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever: Feasibility of Prophylaxis and Therapy.” A summary of the opportunities for and challenges to improving treatment of filovirus hemorrhagic fevers is presented here. cell Filoviruses: Interactions with the host cell O. Dolnik, L. Kolesnikova and S. Becker* Philipps-Universit t Marburg, Institut fr Virologie, Hans-Meerwein-Str 2, 35043 Marburg (Germany), Received 5 September 2007; received after revision 25 October 2007; accepted 29 October 2007 Online First 26 December 2007 Abstract. The highly pathogenic filoviruses, Marburg and Ebola virus, are difficult to handle and knowledge of the interactions between filoviruses and their host cells remained enigmatic for many years. Two developments were crucial for the presented advances in our understanding of the cell biology of filoviruses, which is still fragmentary. On the one hand, the number of high containment laboratories increased where handling of the highly pathogenic filoviruses is possible. On the other hand, molecular biological tools have been developed that allow investigation of certain aspects of filoviral replication under normal laboratory conditions which considerably accelerated research on filoviruses. This review describes advances in understanding the interactions between host cells and filoviruses during viral attachment, entry, transcription, assembly and budding.