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administration Boosting serum Selenium 1979 Smith Selenium and Glutathione Peroxidase Distribution in Bovine Semen and Selenium-75 Retention by the Tissues of the Reproductive Tract in the Bull 1996 Ndiweni Effects of in vitro supplementation with α-tocopherol and selenium on bovine neutrophil functions: implications for resistance to mastitis 2004 Givens Enhancing the selenium content of bovine milk through alteration of the form and concentration of selenium in the diet of the dairy cow 2014 Li The Changing Selenium Nutritional Status of Chinese Residents 2015 Kim Exceptional time response, stability and selectivity in doubly-activated phenyl selenium-based glutathione-selective platform 2015 Sanda Effects of Vitamins A, C and E and Selenium on Immune Response of Broilers to Newcastle Disease (ND) Vaccine 2018 Lenardo New Frontiers in Organoselenium Compounds 2019 Guillin Selenium, Selenoproteins and Viral Infection Ajcn Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status Selenosis Selenium "toxicity" Soil Selenium and Soil Traditional Traditional and folk remedies containing selenium 2019 Vasireddi "...cystine, glycine and glutamate, as well as a minute amount of selenium..." 1983 NRC-SS Selenium in Nutrition: Revised Edition. biogeography 1990 Arnold The Influence of Geochemistry on Selenium in Soils and Plants of England and Wales deficiency "98.7 μg/L of Se in plasma or serum are required to optimize GPx activity" - Stoffeneller 2015 "Selenium (Se) is a trace element essential to organisms, from bacteria to humans. It plays a role as an antioxidant at the cellular level, providing protection against free radical damage and oxidative stress. In mammals, one of the best characterized roles of Se is its incorporation in the active site of different isoforms of glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme that protects polyunsaturated lipids in biological membranes [12]. At low doses, Se supplementation has been shown to contribute to the antioxidant response in rats infected with Trichinella spiralis [13]. Se plays a role in the immune system [14] and was shown to potentiate vaccine induced immunity to malaria in mice [15]. In mice, Se supplementation has also been found to enhance the protective response to Toxocara canis larvae [16], decrease coxsackie virus induced heart disease [17,18], exhibit a protective effect against infection with murine leukemia virus [19], inhibit infection with Cryptosporidium parvum [20], and provide protection against H1N1 influenza virus infection [21]. Se deficiency has been associated with both an altered immune response and increased lung pathology in mice infected with different influenza virus strains [22,23], extensive cardiac pathology in mice infected with a benign amyocarditic coxsackievirus B3 [24], decreased immune response and higher susceptibility of mice to C. parvum infection [25], and an altered innate immune response to Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice [26]. It is also interesting to note that in some cases the altered immune response in Se deficient mice can be beneficial. For example, Se-deficient mice were protected from virus-induced mortality when they were infected with a virulent influenza strain (A/Puerto Rico/ 8/34) [22]. Furthermore, it was shown that increased dietary supplementation with vitamin E and Se led to increased tissue cyst number, tissue pathology, and weight loss in mice during infection with Toxoplasma gondii [27]. Thus, Se supplementation or depletion could prove to be beneficial, depending on the particular infectious agent and state of the host. "Would selenium supplementation aid in therapy for Chagas Disease?" (2011) http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1471492210002400 drug History and examples of selenium use in fighting disease. Practice Theory In low doses Selenium is given in vitamin pills as an essential mineral. The optimal dose appears to be much higher than 100mcg, below that not much happens. The standard was lowered in the US in 2017 from 70 to 55. These are report of Selenium being used as a therapy or adjunct therapy.

eurowar The role of immune boosting agents on historical warfare. 1779 Never perhaps has England been in more serious danger of invasion than in July 1779 1863 Abraham Lincoln gets smallpox 1870 Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871 1969 That some who are vaccinated later become susceptible to smallpox... 1999 Clinton halts destruction of remaining smallpox virus 2001 Prior to September 11, plans were made to eliminate all stocks of smallpox within the next several years, thus making the virus the first species purposely eliminated 2002 Paranoia causes US to stockpile smallpox vaccine "On the European continent during the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, the Prussian army of over 800,000 soldiers was vaccinated every seven years; these Germans lost fewer than 300 out of 8,360 infected. In contrast, the French army commanders who did not believe in repeated vaccination lost over 23,000 soldiers to smallpox and more than 280,000 became infected." - Viruses, Plagues and History (2012) Germany has selenium, France doesn't. evidence Direct evidence Selenium mitiates Ebola 1995 Taylor Theoretical Evidence that the Ebola Virus Zaire Strain May Be Selenium-Dependent: A Factor in Pathogenesis and Viral Outbreaks? 2006 Hasslberger “combating poison with poison” 2008 Thomson Brazil nuts: an effective way to improve selenium status 2015 Abdelmoemen Ebola Outbreak in West Africa; Is Selenium Involved? 2015 Lipinski Can Selenite be an Ultimate Inhibitor of Ebola and 2015 Stoffenell "98.7 mcg/L of Se in plasma or serum are required to optimize GPx activity" Gabon The immune villages in Gabon History The History of Selenium Research Immune Keshan "Dietary deficiency of selenium and the presence of a mutated strain of Coxsackievirus" Low Low Selenium causes viruses to mutate into more deadly forms. 2015 lutgen Selenium, malaria and infections - Plants from the Artemisia family also accumulate many minerals, including selenium, 10 times more than fruits and vegetables (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2117) keshen Keshen Disease and the analogous role of Selenium The first disease found that had the selenium factor as the cause of human lethality. In simple terms if you catch this virus and you live an area of low selenium then if you have low selenium or high selenium, you'r going to get the sniffles. Or you may get nothing. But if you live in an area of high selenium, and you have high selenium in your blood the you won't be infected but if you have low selenium you my die. This is because the virus mutates in areas of high selenium and picks up a human gene that mimics a part of our immune system called GPx3, short for "Glutathione Peroxidase #3" the third of a type of chemical immune system in what's called the Glutathione Peroxidase family or "GSH", that we didn't even know existed until xxxx. This happens to be the immunity the virus disables in HIV when it out-competes the body for Se. These peroxidases are pretty important. They literally act as a suit of armour on an atomic scale, for fats so that they are not damaged , like the ones our veins are made of. In short the virus in this case becomes lethal in areas of high selenium and be lethal to those without selenium in their blood.