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failed

covid-19

depression

FDA 2013

heart

poisoning

press

psychosis

side effects

failed Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria This study was designed to evaluate the association between polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes and in-vitro chloroquine (CQ) sensitivity in fresh isolates of P. falciparum and patients’ treatment outcome. The modified schizont inhibition assay was used to determine in-vitro sensitivity of P. falciparum. Polymorphisms in pfcrt and pfmdr1 genes were detected using nested PCR and RFLP techniques in 84 P. falciparum isolates obtained from patients with acute uncomplicated malaria. covid-19 Chloroquine use with covid-19 2020 Abella Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine vs Placebo for Pre-exposure SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis Among Health Care Workers shows no effect 2020 Borba " higher dosage of chloroquine diphosphate for 10 days was associated with more toxic effects and lethality" 2020 Boulware No difference occurred between HCL and Placebo groups in the primary outcome. The findings were the same at 5, 10, and 14 days. 2020 Chen Study: more people got better without hydroxychloroquine than with it, in treatment of patients with COVID-19. 2020 Dousa "Our patient developed COVID-19 while on hydroxychloroquine and although more work is needed, this calls into question the role of these medications as preventive therapy." 2020 Geleris "They did this analysis several ways, and each time the result was the same: no benefit of HCQ" Cnbc "Researchers cut chloroquine study short as 'primary outcome' was 'death'" 2020 Horby "This represents the strongest evidence to date of the lack of benefit and potential harm of HCQ as a treatment for COVID-19." 2020 Magagnoli Hydroxychloroquine Not Effective for COVID-19 in U.S. Veterans 2020 Mahevas No evidence of clinical efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients 2020 Mehra We were unable to confirm a benefit of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine, when used alone or with a macrolide, on in-hospital outcomes for COVID-19. Each of these drug regimens was associated with decreased in-hospital survival and an increased frequency of ventricular arrhythmias when used for treatment of COVID-19. 2020 Mitja Spanish RCT of Hydroxychloroquine for Patients with Early, Nonsevere COVID-19 Finds No Benefit 2020 Molina No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection 2020 Rosernberg Neither Hydroxychloroquine nor Azithromycin Are Associated with Decreased In-Hospital Mortality in New York. They also found, however, that patients taking the combination of HCQ plus azithromycin were twice as likely to suffer a cardiac arrest whereas no increase in risk occurred for patients taking either drug alone. 2020 Siemieniuk "hydroxychloroquine increased the risk of adverse events" 2020 Tang "Adverse events were significantly increased in HCQ recipients" CDC Withdrawl CDC quietly deletes hydroxychloroquine guidance as study hyped by Trump comes into question CHU de Nice A hospital in France has had to stop an experimental treatment using hydroxychloroquine on at least one coronavirus patient after it became a "major risk" to their cardiac health. June 15 2020 FDA just gave a thumbs down to Trump’s favorite COVID-19 drugs Wisc-Kim Wisconsin Woman Who Took Hydroxychloroquine for Nearly 2 Decades Contracts Coronavirus: 'How Can I Be Sick?' Dpz "...not able to prevent infection of human lung cells with the novel coronavirus" Lancet Regulators split on antimalarials for COVID-19 NihTrial Outcomes Related to COVID-19 Treated With Hydroxychloroquine Among In-patients With Symptomatic Disease (ORCHID) Restrictions The Australian Department of Health has placed new restrictions on hydroxychloroquine Who World Health Organization temporarily halts hydroxychloroquine trials citing concerns about serious side-effects Retractionwatch The paper that triggered the Trump administration’s obsession with hydroxychloroquine received a statement of concern from the society that publishes the journal. Shanghai Hydroxychloroquine Is Ineffective In Treatment Of Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, According To A Controlled Trial From Shanghai Trials "Not be used where significant heart or retinal disease exists" Va trial failed More deaths, no benefit from malaria drug in VA virus study The preponderance of rhe evidence suggests chloroquine it no better than not using it. depression Recurring mental effects 1964 Kiel Chloroquine Suicide 1981 Das Chloroquine-related depression. 1981 Mohan-Das CHLOROQUINE—RELATED DEPRESSION 2002 Guardian 'It's not a benign drug - it has ruined my life' 2004 Meier The risk of severe depression, psychosis or panic attacks with prophylactic antimalarials. 2013 Hangartner Chloroquine and diazepam for her last sleep 2016 Telegraph Antimalaria pills linked to depression: what travellers need to know FDA 2013 The Food and Drug Administration strengthened warnings FDA strengthens warnings on malaria drug The Food and Drug Administration strengthened warnings about a pill used to both prevent and treat malaria on Monday, saying it can cause serious symptoms that include hallucinations amid a controversy that’s made it a drug of last resort for U.S. troops in the Middle East, Afghanistan and elsewhere. The drug, mefloquine hydrochloride, is sold under brand names including Lariam, Mephaquin or Mefliam. “The neurologic side effects can include dizziness, loss of balance, or ringing in the ears. The psychiatric side effects can include feeling anxious, mistrustful, depressed, or having hallucinations,” the FDA says in a statement. “A boxed warning, the most serious kind of warning about these potential problems, has been added to the drug label. FDA has revised the patient Medication Guide dispensed with each prescription and wallet card to include this information and the possibility that the neurologic side effects may persist or become permanent.” Doctors and travelers have known for years that antimalarial pills can have psychiatric effects. The drugs can be used to treat malaria. Or taken before and during travel to an affected area to prevent infection. People who take the drugs complain they can cause nightmares, dizziness and anxiety. But most controversially, psychiatrist Dr. Elspeth Ritchie of the Washington, D.C. health department, a retired Army colonel, suggests the drug may have been a factor in the case of Army Sgt. Robert Bales, who was charged with murder last year for shooting 17 Afghan civilians Ritchie helped write a paper in the Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law last month detailing what she terms psychosis from using mefloquine. “Exposure to the drug has been associated with acts of violence and suicide,” she writes. heart "a potent myocardial poison" "The drug appears to act as a potent myocardial poison 1970 Don "The drug appears to act as a potent myocardial poison" 1971 Hughes Chloroquine Myopathy 1978 Edwards Complete heart block due to chronic chloroquine toxicity managed with permanent pacemaker. 1983 Ladipo Complete heart block in chronic chloroquine poisoning 1983 deGennes Heart conduction disorders in long-term treatment with chloroquine. Two new cases 1989 Ihenacho CHLOROQUINE ABUSE AND HEART BLOCK IN AFRICANS 1991 Ogola Chloroquine related complete heart block with blindness: case report. 1993-Cubero Restrictive cardiomyopathy caused by chloroquine 1998 Veinot Chloroquine related cardiac toxicity 1999 Baguet "The heart failure improved on stopping chloroquine treatment." 1999 Reusst Borst "...a permanent pacemaker had to be implanted." 2004 Freihage Heart transplantation in a patient with chloroquine-induced cardiomyopathy 2005 Naqvi Chloroquine-induced cardiomyopathy-echocardiographic features 2006 Wozniacka The Cardiac Safety of Chloroquine Phosphate Treatment in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Influence on Arrhythmia, Heart Rate Variability and Repolarization Parameters 2020 nyc Family of New York woman blames hydroxychloroquine combo for fatal heart attack

poisoning Death and poisoning Death Arizona Man Dies After Self-Medicating With Chloroquine Fish Tank Cleaner Nigerians Nigerians poisoned after taking doses of drug praised by Trump Va trials More deaths, no benefit from malaria drug in VA virus study Va trial Outcomes of hydroxychloroquine usage in United States veterans hospitalized press Press clippings 2020 NYT No, These Medicines Cannot Cure Coronavirus Banned How South Africa banned skin-lightening creams Brazil Chloroquine Study Halted Over Risk of Fatal Heart Complications Demons Sex with demons French The French Connection: Trump Family Trusts Are Invested in Hydroxychloroquine Maker Funding Pharma-Funded Group Tied to a Top Trump Donor Is Promoting Malaria Drug to the President Navarro Navarro drags Fauci feud into the public Political The reasons to push Chloroquines are political not scientific. Trump "Mr. Trump himself has a small personal financial interest in Sanofi, the French drugmaker that makes Plaquenil, the brand-name version of hydroxychloroquine." Worse Malaria Drug Chloroquine No Better Than Regular Coronavirus Care, Study Finds psychosis You'd have to be crazy to take chloroquine. You might be if you do. 1963 Dornhorst CHLOROQUINE PSYCHOSIS? 1964 Sapp Toxic Psychosis Due to Quinacrine and Chloroquine 1966 Brookes Chloroquine Psychosis 1969 Kabir Chloroquine psychosis 1981 Mohan Chloroquine Psychosis: A Chemical Psychosis? 1990 Garg Toxic Psychosis Due to Chloroquine- Not Uncommon in Children 2007 Sahoo Chloroquine-induced recurrent psychosis. 2008 Collins Chloroquine Psychosis Masquerading as PCP: A Case Report 2009 Zaki Toxic psychosis due to chloroquine overdose : a case report 2014 Biwas Psychosis following chloroquine ingestion: a 10-year comparative study from a malaria-hyperendemic district of India 2015 Dusunen Hydroxychloraquine-induced acute psychotic disorder in a female patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report 2015 Guardian Experience: my anti-malaria drugs made me psychotic 2015 Maxwell Prolonged neuropsychiatric effects following management of chloroquine intoxication with psychotropic polypharmacy 2017 Bogaczewicz Psychiatric adverse effects of chloroquine 2020 Gold No, These Medicines Cannot Cure Coronavirus - As psychiatrists, we are worried about the shocking increase in people self-medicating with unsafe drugs. side effects Anxiety attempts at killing oneself back, leg, or stomach pains black, tarry stools bleeding gums blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin blood in the urine or stools blurred or decreased vision change in near or distance vision chest discomfort or pain chills cold sweats confusion continuing ringing or buzzing or other unexplained noise in the ears cough dark urine diarrhea difficulty in focusing the eyes difficulty with speaking difficulty with swallowing disturbed color perception dizziness dizziness, faintness, or lightheadedness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position double vision drooling fast, slow, irregular, or pounding heartbeat feeling that others are watching you or controlling your behavior feeling that others can hear your thoughts feeling, seeing, or hearing things that are not there fever general tiredness and weakness halos around lights headache hearing loss inability to move the eyes increased blinking or spasms of the eyelid joint or muscle pain large, hive-like swelling on the face, eyelids, lips, tongue, throat, hands, legs, feet, or sex organs light-colored stools loss of balance control lower back or side pain muscle trembling, jerking, or stiffness muscular pain, tenderness, wasting, or weakness night blindness nausea overbright appearance of lights painful or difficult urination pale skin pinpoint red spots on the skin puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue red skin lesions, often with a purple center red, irritated eyes restlessness shuffling walk skin rash, hives, or itching sore throat sores, ulcers, or white spots on the lips or in the mouth sticking out of the tongue stiffness of the limbs sweating swollen or painful glands tightness in the chest trouble breathing tunnel vision twitching, twisting, or uncontrolled repetitive movements of the tongue, lips, face, arms, or legs uncontrolled movements, especially of the face, neck, and back unusual bleeding or bruising unusual tiredness or weakness upper right abdominal or stomach pain vomiting yellow eyes and skin