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"all those affected had been immunized"
Whooping Cough Cases Triple in Suffolk County
There are already 179 reported cases in the county
By Pei-Sze Cheng • Published at 7:29 pm on October 26, 2011
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Only vaccinated kids came down with the disease.
SHAPLEY-QUINN SAID there’s no instance of a child who had not been vaccinated getting pertussis.
“I think it’s 15 kids in your entire system (who) have an exemption for medical or religious reasons,” Shapley-Quinn said. None of the pertussis cases involved those students, she said.
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Whooping cough vaccine may not halt spread of illness
Nov. 25, 2013, 5:41 PM EST
By Mike Stobbe
A government study offers a new theory on why the whooping cough vaccine doesn't seem to be working as well as expected.
The research suggests that while the vaccine may keep people from getting sick, it doesn't prevent them from spreading whooping cough — also known as pertussis — to others.
"It could explain the increase in pertussis that we're seeing in the U.S.," said one of the researchers, Tod Merkel of the Food and Drug Administration.
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C.D.C. scientists speculate that the current vaccine may be helping to drive the bugs’ evolution
The Return of Whooping Cough
By Amanda SchafferJanuary 30, 2014
"Over time, though, scientists raised concerns about the shots’ side effects, which could include high fever and, occasionally, seizures."
Until the nineteen-forties, whooping cough—the hundred-day hack that causes victims to gasp for air, vomit, pass out, or worse—was as common as it was ghastly. But then, as with so many other childhood plagues, American kids began to receive regular immunizations, and deaths from the disease dropped dramatically. For decades, the number of cases in this country dropped to about five thousand per year.
Now, however, whooping cough is resurgent: just under fifty thousand people caught it in 2012. This is mainly because protection from the current shots wanes over time. But, as the bug circulates, it is also morphing. Last February, researchers identified mutant strains of the bacteria in eleven patients in Philadelphia. These mutants, it turns out, appear to be the dominant form of the bug in this country. Whooping cough has evolved in a way that vaccine-preventable diseases rarely do.
Researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, who have analyzed samples dating back to 1935, say that these mutants first appeared in 1994, in what seems to have been a sporadic case in a single individual in North Carolina (though no one identified it as such at the time). These particular variants, which are missing a key surface protein, didn’t turn up again until 2010, and then only rarely. Since then, however, they seem to have multiplied madly, appearing in roughly sixty per cent of isolates, or samples, in 2012. In Vermont, they are found in more than ninety per cent.
This is raising eyebrows. Unnervingly, C.D.C. scientists speculate that the current vaccine may be helping to drive the bugs’ evolution. “The fact that this happened so quickly, to the proportions we’re seeing now, clearly suggests some selective pressures …. Vaccine pressure is probably one of them,” Lucia Pawloski, a whooping-cough expert at the C.D.C., told me. Think of mice that are hard for cats to see; they might proliferate if cats were introduced to their environment and started eating all the easy-to-see mice. Similarly, bugs that might be less “visible” to the immune system could spread in response to the vaccine.
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Acellular pertussis vaccines do not control pertussis.
A Phase I Clinical Study of a Live Attenuated Bordetella pertussis Vaccine - BPZE1; A Single Centre, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalating Study of BPZE1 Given Intranasally to Healthy Adult Male Volunteers
"Acellular pertussis vaccines do not control pertussis. A new approach to offer protection to infants is necessary. BPZE1, a genetically modified Bordetella pertussis strain, was developed as a live attenuated nasal pertussis vaccine by genetically eliminating or detoxifying 3 toxins."
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Why the acellular vaccine does not work
"...acellular pertussis vaccines elicit an inappropriate Th2 type of cellular immune response. But it’s the Th17/Th1 immune response, elicited by B. pertussis infection, that is needed to prevent pertussis re-infection.”
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Most cases for which we have vaccine information indicates that they are up to date with their pertussis vaccine
"We know that it's not a vaccine that is 100 per cent effective. Hopefully with time, we'll get a better vaccine," said Léger.
While confirmed cases have been reported among people who have been vaccinated, Léger said that likely has to do with a decreased effectiveness.
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Most people who have whooping cough symptoms have been vaccinated
The current whooping cough outbreak in New Brunswick continues to grow, with an increasing number of children and adolescents implicated.
According to Dr. Yves Leger, Medical Officer in the Eastern Region of New Brunswick, which is at the centre of this outbreak, most people who have whooping cough symptoms have been vaccinated.
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the vaccine itself is doing little to curb actual transmission
Reno County’s Relentless Whooping Cough Outbreak And FDA’s Tod Merkel’s Advice In Light Of New Findings
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DTP was associated with 5-fold higher mortality than being unvaccinated
5. Conclusions
DTP was associated with 5-fold higher mortality than being unvaccinated. No prospective study has shown beneficial survival effects of DTP. Unfortunately, DTP is the most widely used vaccine, and the proportion who receives DTP3 is used globally as an indicator of the performance of national vaccination programs.
It should be of concern that the effect of routine vaccinations on all-cause mortality was not tested in randomized trials. All currently available evidence suggests that DTP vaccine may kill more children from other causes than it saves from diphtheria, tetanus or pertussis. Though a vaccine protects children against the target disease it may simultaneously increase susceptibility to unrelated infections.
The recently published SAGE review called for randomized trials of DTP (Higgins et al., 2014). However, at the same time the IVIR-AC committee to which SAGE delegated the follow-up studies of the NSEs of vaccines has indicated that it will not be possible to examine the effect of DTP in an unbiased way. If that decision by IVIR-AC remains unchallenged, the present study may remain the closest we will ever come to a RCT of the NSEs of DTP.
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Only vaccinated kids contracted Pertussis
"An exclusive private school has been hit with dozens cases of whooping cough, which has sickened a large number of teenagers across Los Angeles County.
Health officials say they are monitoring three large clusters of highly contagious whooping cough among 11- to 18-year-olds. The county Department of Health issued a health alert to pediatricians and other health care providers about the uptick in whooping cough last week.
Of about 1,600 students attend Harvard-Westlake, where tuition is close to $40,000 a year, only 18 opted out of vaccinations for medical reasons. None of the 30 students who contracted whooping cough were not vaccinated."
Note: "None of the 30 students who contracted whooping cough were not vaccinated"
Only vaccinated kids got the disease. No unvaccinated kid did.
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"... with DTaP vaccines will be more susceptible to pertussis throughout their lifetimes"
The 112-Year Odyssey of Pertussis and Pertussis Vaccines-Mistakes Made and Implications for the Future.
Cherry JD
"Because of linked-epitope suppression, all children who were primed by DTaP vaccines will be more susceptible to pertussis throughout their lifetimes, and there is no easy way to decrease this increased lifetime susceptibility."
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
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St. Theresas Catholic school in Texas had to close early because of a Whooping Cough outbreak among 100% vaccinated children
All the kids were vaccinated year there was a Pertussis outbreak; kids were hospitalized.
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Licensed pertussis vaccines in the United States - History and current state
The United States switched from whole cell to acellular pertussis vaccines in the 1990s following global concerns with the safety of the whole cell vaccines. Despite high levels of acellular pertussis vaccine coverage, the United States and other countries are experiencing large pertussis outbreaks. The aim of this article is to describe the historical context which led to acellular pertussis vaccine development, focusing on vaccines currently licensed in the US, and to review evidence that waning protection following licensed acellular pertussis vaccines have been significant factors in the widespread reappearance of pertussis.
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